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Explainer: What is Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)?

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is one of the most widely used indicators of water quality, measuring the level of biodegradable organic pollution in surface waters. In India, BOD has an enforceable statutory threshold of ≤ 3 mg/L, as notified under the Primary Water Quality Criteria for Bathing Waters (2000), and forms the legal basis for […]

Issues Raised Before the Forest Advisory Committee (FAC)

An objection letter was submitted to the Forest Advisory Committee (FAC) raising eight key objections to the proposed Sharavathi Pumped Storage Project. These eight objections are documented here. Sharavathi River Valley 28 Jul 2025 To, Chairman and Members, Forest Advisory Committee, Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi […]

Citizen Position Paper on Pumped Storage Projects in the Western Ghats

 Motivated by a shared commitment to protect the Western Ghats—especially its legally protected and eco-geologically sensitive areas—a coalition of researchers, lawyers, activists, local communities, and civil society organizations from across South India gathered in Shimoga for a two-day knowledge summit focused on Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) in the region. The deliberations during and following the […]